{"id":691,"date":"2022-01-29T13:13:07","date_gmt":"2022-01-29T14:13:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/maktablive.org\/mag\/?p=691"},"modified":"2022-09-07T14:24:42","modified_gmt":"2022-09-07T14:24:42","slug":"reported-speech-in-english","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/maktabclass.com\/mag\/reported-speech-in-english\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u0635\u062f (\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0641 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0641 \u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632: \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 (Direct Speech) \u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 Indirect Speech)).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0632 <a href=\"https:\/\/maktabclass.com\/\">\u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633<\/a>\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 <\/strong><strong>(Direct Speech)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u062e\u0635\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0647 <a href=\"https:\/\/maktablive.org\/find-teachers\/english\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"1\" title=\"\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\">\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/a> \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632\u00a0<strong>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645<\/strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0633\u062a.\u00a0\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0628\u0644 \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 &#8220;&#8221; \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Paul came in and said, \u201cI\u2019m really hungry.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u067e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0634\u062f \u0648 \u06af\u0641\u062a: &#8220;\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u06af\u0631\u0633\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0645.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The local MP said, \u201cWe plan to make this city a safer place for everyone.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a: &#8220;\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0639\u0644 &#8220;\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0646&#8221; (\u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a &#8220;\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647&#8221; \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647) \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u00ab\u067e\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0646\u00bb\u060c \u00ab\u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e\u00bb \u0648 &#8230; \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">When Mrs Diaz opened the door, I asked, \u201cHave you seen Lee?\u201d<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">She replied, \u201cNo, I haven\u2019t seen him since lunchtime.\u201d<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">The boss was angry and shouted, \u201cWhy isn\u2019t he here? He hasn\u2019t finished that report yet!\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0645 \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u060c \u067e\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0645: &#8220;\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u061f&#8221;<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u062f\u0627\u062f: &#8220;\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0645.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0631\u0626\u06cc\u0633 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0632\u062f: \u00ab\u0686\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f\u00a0\u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a!\u00bb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Direct speech: \u201cWe\u2019re quite cold in here.\u201d<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Indirect speech: They say (that) they\u2019re cold.<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645: &#8220;\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0645.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645:\u00a0\u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f (\u06a9\u0647) \u0633\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Direct speech: \u201cI have a new car.\u201d<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Indirect speech: He said he had a new car.<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u062e\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645:\u00a0<em>&#8220;<\/em><em>\u0645\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0645<\/em><em>.&#8221;<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645:\u00a0<em>\u06af\u0641\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/em><em>.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.\u00a0\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Indirect speech<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Direct speech<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He said he lived in the city center.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He said \u201cI live in the city center.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">(Present Simple)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He said he was going out.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He said \u201cI\u2019m going out.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">(Present Continuous)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He said he had finished.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He said \u201cI\u2019ve finished.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">(Present Perfect)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He said he had been studing a lot.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He said \u201cI\u2019ve been studing a lot.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">(Present Perfect Continuous)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He said he had arrived before you.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He said \u201cI arrived before you.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">(Past Simple)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He said He had already left.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He said \u201cI had already left.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">(Past Perfect)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He said he would be there at 2pm.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He said \u201cI\u2019ll be there at 2pm.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">(Future Simple)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He said he was going to call Alan.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He said \u201cI\u2019m going to call Alan.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">(be going to)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Indirect speech<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td dir=\"ltr\" width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Direct speech<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr dir=\"ltr\">\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">She said she could swim.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">She said \u201cI can swim.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr dir=\"ltr\">\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">She said she had to go.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">She said \u201cI must go.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr dir=\"ltr\">\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">She said she might drive there.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">She said \u201cI may drive there.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr dir=\"ltr\">\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">She asked if we should start.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">She said \u201cShall we start?\u201d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr dir=\"ltr\">\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">She said she would call me.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">She said \u201cI\u2019ll call you.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <\/strong><strong>\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u00absay\u00bb\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u00ab\u0628\u06af\u0648\u00bb \u06cc\u0627 \u00ab\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647\u00bb \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">He told me he was going to call Alan.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0648\u00a0\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u00a0\u06a9\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0622\u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">They told her they would arrive a little late.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u00a0\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0646\u062f\u00a0\u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0633\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">You told us you\u2019d already finished the order.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0645\u0627\u00a0\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u00a0\u06af\u0641\u062a\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Direct speech: \u201cI\u2019m seeing my brother tomorrow.\u201d<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Indirect speech: She said she was seeing her brother the following<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645:\u00a0&#8220;\u0645\u0646\u00a0\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u00a0\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u0645.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645:\u00a0 \u0627\u0648 \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647\u00a0\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u00a0\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Direct speech: \u201cI had a headache yesterday.\u201d<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645: &#8221;\u00a0\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0632\u00a0\u0633\u0631\u062f\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u00a0.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Indirect speech: You said you\u2019d had a headache the day before yesterday.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645:\u00a0\u06af\u0641\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647\u00a0\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0632\u00a0\u0633\u0631\u062f\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u06cc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Direct speech: \u201cIt\u2019s been raining since this afternoon.\u201d<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645: &#8220;\u0627\u0632\u00a0\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u00a0\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u00a0.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Indirect speech: He said it\u2019d been raining since that afternoon.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645: \u06af\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Direct speech: \u201cI haven\u2019t seen them since last week.\u201d<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645: &#8220;\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0645.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Indirect speech: She said she hadn\u2019t seen them since the previous week.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645:\u00a0\u0627\u0648 \u06af\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0632\u00a0\u0647\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u00a0\u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u062d \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0628\u0644\u0647\/\u062e\u06cc\u0631 (yes\/no) \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u00ab\u0686\u0647\u00bb\u060c \u00ab\u06a9\u062c\u0627\u00bb\u060c \u00ab\u0686\u0647 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc\u00bb \u2018what\u2019, \u2018where\u2019, \u2018who\u2019)) \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0647\/\u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0632 &#8220;\u0627\u06af\u0631&#8221; \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Direct speech: \u201cDo they live here?\u201d<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645:\u00a0&#8220;\u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u061f&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Indirect speech: You asked me if they lived here.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645: \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647\u00a0\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627\u00a0\u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u061f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c &#8220;do&#8221; \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0641\u0639\u0644 &#8220;live&#8221; \u0628\u0647 &#8220;lived&#8221; \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u00ab\u0686\u0647\u00bb\u060c \u00ab\u06a9\u062c\u0627\u00bb\u060c \u00ab\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc\u00bb\u060c \u00ab\u0686\u0647 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc\u00bb (\u2018what\u2019, \u2018where\u2019, \u2018when\u2019, \u2018who\u2019) \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Direct speech: \u201cWhere do they live?\u201d<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645:\u00a0&#8220;\u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u062c\u0627 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u061f&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Indirect speech: You asked me where they lived.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645:\u00a0\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u00a0\u06a9\u062c\u0627 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u061f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Direct speech: \u201cWhen are you leaving?\u201d<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645:\u00a0&#8220;\u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u061f&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Indirect speech: He asked us when we were leaving.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645: \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0645\u00a0\u061f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Direct speech: \u201cHow will they get here?\u201d<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645:\u00a0&#8220;\u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u061f&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Indirect speech: She asked me how they would get here.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645:\u00a0\u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647\u00a0\u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u00a0\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0639\u0644 &#8220;\u067e\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0646&#8221; \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 &#8220;\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0644 &#8220;\u067e\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0646&#8221;\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cCall me back later.\u201d<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u00a0\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cHave a seat.\u201d<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;\u06cc\u06a9 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0644\u06cc\u00a0\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">&#8220;Don\u2019t do that!\u201d<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06a9\u0646\u00a0!&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u060c \u0627\u0632 &#8220;tell&#8221; \u0648 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">You told me to call you back later.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u06af\u0641\u062a\u06cc\u00a0\u06a9\u0647\u00a0\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647\u062a \u0632\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0632\u0646\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">He told me to have a seat.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0647\u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u00a0\u0628\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">She told us not to do that.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647\u00a0\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u00ab\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0645\u00bb\u060c \u00ab\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u00bb \u06cc\u0627 \u00ab\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f\u00bb \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\u201cCould you call me back later?\u201d<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u061f&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cWill you have a seat?\u201d<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u061f&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cCan you not do that please?\u201d<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;\u0646\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u06a9\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u0637\u0641\u0627\u064b\u061f&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0648 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">You asked me to call you back later.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u00a0\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u00a0\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">He asked me to have a seat.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u00a0\u06a9\u0647\u00a0\u0628\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">She asked us not to do that.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647\u00a0\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0622\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06cc\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0641 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0641 \u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0645 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":692,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-691","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-1"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v17.1.2 (Yoast SEO v19.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u0635\u062f (\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644) - \u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/maktabclass.com\/mag\/reported-speech-in-english\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fa_IR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u0635\u062f (\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0641 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0641 \u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0645 [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"http:\/\/maktabclass.com\/mag\/reported-speech-in-english\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-01-29T14:13:07+00:00\" 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